There are many methods for killing experimental animals. Different methods should be selected according to the purpose of the animal experiment, the species (strain) of the experimental animal, and the location of the specimen to be collected. No matter which method is adopted, the principle of euthanasia should be followed.
Euthanasia refers to the death of experimental animals without pain in a short period of time without affecting the results of animal experiments.
When killing experimental animals, you should pay attention to the safety of the experimental personnel; secondly, confirm that the experimental animals have died, and make a comprehensive judgment of death by observing the indications of breathing, heartbeat, pupils, nerve reflexes; To avoid polluting the environment and properly dispose of corpses.
1. Cervical dislocation and execution
This method is to dislocate the cervical spine of the experimental animal and sever the spinal cord to death. It is the most commonly used method of killing mice and mice. During the operation, the experimenter grasped the root of the mouse tail with his right hand and lifted it, placed it on the lid or other rough surface of the rat cage, pressed the head and neck of the mouse with the left thumb and index finger, and grasped the root of the mouse tail with the right hand. Backward and upward, the cervical spine was dislocated, the spinal cord and the brain stem were severed, and the experimental animal immediately died.
2. Decapitation
This method is suitable for smaller experimental animals such as rats. During the operation, the experimenter presses the back of the experimental animal with his left hand, the right armpit of the experimental animal with his thumb, the left forelimb with the index finger and middle finger, and the head of the rat is cut vertically with scissors in the right hand. He died of massive bleeding.
3. Killing the skull
Mainly used for the execution of guinea pigs and rabbits. Grab the tail of the experimental animal during the operation and lift it up. Use a hard object such as a wooden hammer to strike the head of the experimental animal violently, causing the brain center to be destroyed and the experimental animal to spasm and die.
4. Bloodletting
This method is applicable to various experimental animals. The specific method is to cut or pierce the femoral artery, carotid artery and abdominal aorta of the experimental animal, pierce the heart of the experimental animal to bleed blood, resulting in acute hemorrhage, shock and death.
Large animals such as dogs and monkeys should make a lateral incision in the femoral triangle under mild anesthesia to expose and cut off the femoral artery and femoral vein to allow blood to flow out. During operation, the incision and blood are continuously rinsed with tap water, which can not only keep the blood flowing unimpeded, but also keep the operation table clean, so that the experimental animal will die of acute hemorrhage.
5. Air embolism
This method is commonly used to kill rabbits, cats and dogs. Inject a certain amount of air into the veins of experimental animals to form air embolism in the pulmonary artery or coronary artery, or cause the heart cavity to be filled with air bubbles, the air bubbles become smaller when the heart contracts, and the air bubbles become larger when the heart relaxes, thus affecting the blood volume and cardiac output Amount, causing circulatory disorders, shock, and death. The amount of air injected by air embolism is 20-50ml for cats and rabbits, and 90-160ml for dogs.
Six, overdose anesthesia
This method is mostly used to kill guinea pigs and rabbits. Rapid over-injection of non-volatile anesthetics (the dosage is 30 times the amount of deep anesthesia), or let the animal inhale excessive ether, so that the central nervous system of the experimental animal is over-suppressed, resulting in death.
Seven, poison gas execution method
Let experimental animals inhale a large amount of CO2 and other gases and poisoned and died.
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