How do countries around the world deal with packaging waste

In recent years, packaging waste has brought considerable pressure on environmental protection. The recycling and recycling of packaging materials has formed a fist industrial system in developed countries in Europe and America.

United States

At the end of the 1980s, the federal government of the United States formulated the general policy of packaging and environmental protection: reduction, recycling, recycling, and incineration of packaging materials. There were two types of development plans for the US packaging industry in the 1990s: reducing raw materials by 15%. At least 25% of the quantity and packaging products are recyclable, both of which have been recognized by the packaging industry, and many experts believe that reducing the use of raw materials is the main trend of development. The United States has not yet legislated, but now 37 states have separately And determine the recycling quota of packaging waste. According to the recycling of various materials by the US Environmental Protection Agency (DEP) every year, any container that has recovered more than 50% can be exempted from pre-charge. .

Canada
Residents collected the tin cans, glass bottles, newspapers, aluminum cans, and plastics into blue plastic boxes or plastic bags, and 10 million people collected and classified 460,000 tons of packaging waste. Collect 46 kg of waste.

In terms of controlling excessive packaging, the United States and Canada policies stipulate that one of the following situations is deceptive packaging: there are too many vacancies in the packaging; the height and volume of the packaging and containers are too different; the packaging is exaggerated without reason, non-technical Needed on the.

Japan

The Japanese government drafted the "Energy Protection and Promotion of Recycling Act" in 1992 and came into force in June 1993. The law emphasizes the need to produce recyclable packaging products and selectively collect recyclable packaging waste. The Act has achieved good results. 97% of glass beer bottles and 81% of rice wine bottles were recycled and used to build five factories that process and recycle 1,000 tons of recycled plastics. In order to improve the recycling rate of packaging waste, the government proposed in April 1995 based on the “polluter pays” principle: Consumers are responsible for the classification of packaging waste, and the municipal government is responsible for collecting classified packaging waste. Private companies receive government approval. After approval, reprocess the packaging waste.

At the same time, Japan formulated the “New Guidelines for Packaging,” which stipulates: to minimize the volume of packaging containers, the empty space in the container should not exceed 20% of the container volume; the packaging cost should not exceed 15% of the product's selling price; the packaging should be correct Show the value of the product so as not to mislead consumers. In addition, in Tokyo, Japan's "Product Packaging Gift Packaging Appropriate Details" also stipulates that: the gap in the packaging container in principle can not exceed 20% of the entire container; the gap between the goods and goods must be less than 1 cm; The gap between the inner walls of the packing box must be kept below 5 mm; the packing cost must be less than 15% of the price of the entire product.

Germany

In 1986, Germany promulgated the "Law on Waste," and in June 1991, the "Regulations on Packaging" became the first in the world to stipulate regulations for collection, sorting, and disposal of packaging waste by manufacturers and manufacturers of packaged goods. The goal is to reduce the total amount of packaging waste.

In 1990, the Waste Packaging Organization (DSD) was established by 95 packaging, consumer, and retail industries to collect sales packaging and post-consumer packaging. DSD members pay DSD fees and obtain the “Green Point” packaging symbol, which is determined by the type and weight of the packaging material. Companies that are not members of the DSD must implement the economic regulations in the packaging regulations and spend more. Foreign importers apply for the use of "green dot" packaging to pay DSD for the type and weight of the packaging material.

Since the implementation of the provisions of the Packaging Act, the consumption of packaging materials in Germany has been reduced by 1 million tons, and the recycled packaging materials have been reduced by almost 500,000 tons per year. The average per capita consumption of packaging materials has dropped from 160 kilograms in 1991 to 145 kilograms, and 80% of goods are not Then use the display package. The recycling of glass, metal plates, and aluminum cans in packaging materials has been very successful, and the recycling rate of paper and paperboard is quite high.

The German government stipulates that the act of exaggerating the actual capacity of the inner packaging with an enlarged package is a fraudulent act and will be dealt with.

Other European countries

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and other countries promulgated and implemented relevant laws and regulations to solve the environmental impact of packaging waste.

PVNKT is a trademark of the Austrian recycling organization. Companies that want to use this trademark must obtain a license. In Austria, 50% of citizens consciously and carefully classify their home-wrapped waste according to the “Regulations on Packaging”. 7.2 million people were involved in the collection of glass packaging waste, household waste was reduced by 10% in major cities, and small cities and villages were reduced by 25%.

Belgian law stipulates that any paper packaging directly contacted by food shall be exempted from taxation. If there is evidence that the beverage can container has been used repeatedly for 7 times without taxation, the other shall pay “ecological tax”. The “Green Dot” logo printed on the packaging material indicates that the packaging is related to the special collection, classification, and recovery system in terms of funding. If a company wants to have the right to use the “Green Dot” trademark, it must pay a special license fee, which is related to the packaging materials and weight, and is determined by the “material chain deficit”. The material chain deficit is "calculated by subtracting the total cost for the collection and classification of packaging materials from the funds derived from the reduction of packaging waste and the disposal of classified packaging waste.

71% of Danish household waste has become a fuel for power plants. As early as 1975, Denmark established the “Regulations for Packaging”. The packaging waste recycling and recycling process has now been put in the first place, and the incineration production energy has been reduced to the second place.