Director of the former Ministry of Light Industry and the Vice Director of the China Papermaking Society, Prof. Hu Zongyuan, a well-known papermaking expert, said: The papermaking industry in China is facing new issues in the new millennium. The road to exploration and development has entered the new century. The modernization of China's national economy has entered the third stage of development. The national economy will continue to develop at a relatively high speed. At present, China is about to formally join the WTO. All industries in the country are facing opportunities and challenges. How will China's papermaking industry adapt to development in the future? What are the development prospects? Everyone is very concerned. I think we should first correctly understand the status quo of China's papermaking industry and its inherent characteristics, face the future development trends and requirements, calmly analyze and ponder, and seriously explore how to promote the sustainable and healthy development of China's paper industry. The current situation of China's paper industry In 1999, China's total paper and board production reached 29 million tons, ranking third in the world for many years. Looking back at the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China, only 108,000 tons were made, only 4.387 million tons in 1978 before the reform and opening up. The papermaking industry in China has developed rapidly over the past 50 years and the output has increased greatly. Basically, it has continued to develop steadily and has kept pace with the development of the national economy. In particular, since the reform and opening up, the average growth rate from 1978 to 1990 was 10%, and it was as high as 15.4% from 1990 to 1995. Scientific research achievements are also significant. Product varieties have increased. Product quality and grades have also been continuously improved. The product structure has changed from quantity-based and single-type to quality-type and multi-variety. The ratio of paper and paperboard has also become more reasonable. In 1994, the product self-sufficiency rate At 97%, paper products can basically meet the needs of low domestic consumption levels. In recent years, many papermaking enterprises have accelerated the pace of technological transformation, extensively carried out international technology exchanges and economic cooperation, and successively introduced technologies and equipment from abroad, greatly improved their technological equipment and production technology, and individual companies have reached or approached the contemporary world. The advanced level has seen a big leap in product quality and grade, and the gap with foreign countries has gradually narrowed. At the same time, it also actively attracts and utilizes foreign capital, encourages foreign investors to invest in domestic factories, and has established a number of large-scale joint-venture projects with world-class standards, as well as wholly-owned projects, which has accelerated the pace of China's papermaking industry toward modern papermaking industry. All this is exciting and very encouraging.
With the rapid development of China’s economy, the demand for paper consumption in the domestic market has become increasingly strong. From the 90th to the present, the total consumption of paper and paperboard is increasing at a rate of 12% each year. Currently, it is approximately 3,400 to 35 million tons. Ranked second in the world (second only to the United States). From 1996 onwards, the total domestic paper consumption was higher than the total production. However, from the perspective of the national per capita paper consumption, only 26 kilograms have been used so far, which is only half of the world’s per capita consumption level, and far less than the per capita average of developed countries. - The level of consumption of 300 kg. Therefore, China's paper product market has great potential, and China's paper industry has broad prospects for development. In the current state of a general excess of domestic commodity markets, China's paper industry is a sector where the growth in consumption is greater than the increase in production. The huge and clearly analyzed market space shows that China's papermaking industry is a promising "sunrise industry" in the 21st century.
Although we have made great achievements, the total paper production and total consumption have ranked in the forefront of the world, but we should be soberly aware that there are still many contradictions and problems in China's paper industry. Compared with the developed countries of papermaking, there are considerable gaps. Although we are already a “papermaking powerhouse†in the world, we are far from being a “papermaking powerhouseâ€. Since the mid-1990s, the relationship between supply and demand in the domestic paper industry has changed significantly. On the one hand, there is a shortage of high-grade products based on wood pulp, and on the other hand, there are generally lower-grade papers produced by many domestic companies, which are relatively surplus in the market and have a backlog of unsalable sales. This is mainly due to the fact that the high-speed growth of China's paper industry over the years is an extensive mode of growth. Before the 1990s, the domestic paper market was always plagued by shortages. To eliminate shortfalls and increase supply, the development goal was to focus on expanding quantity and expanding production capacity. In the circumstances, this was also the need of the situation and had its objective. Necessity. However, it should also be acknowledged that under the special historical conditions of the past, the objective factors of the lack of national timber resources and the lack of construction funds, coupled with our subjective understanding and practical work practices, have also caused many problems, making the papermaking industry of our country in half. In the course of the development of a century, a unique road that uses grass fiber as the main raw material and a small paper mill as the main body has taken off, leaving a lot of hidden dangers. After the country's transition from a planned economy system to a market economy system, in the face of the new situation of reform and opening up, the formation of the domestic buyer's market, the fierce competition in commodities, and the internationalization of the domestic market, the structural problems and drawbacks of China's paper industry are seriously exposed. come out. The imbalance in output imbalances has become more prominent. The raw material structure is irrational, the proportion of wood pulp is small, and the ratio of non-wood fiber is significant. The production capacity of high-end products is small, and the quality of existing products is low. There are many companies and they are small in size. Most companies have relatively low level of equipment, relatively backward technology, large material consumption, low labor productivity, and serious pollution to the environment caused by production waste water, and there is a big gap with foreign countries. In addition, these years are affected by the increase of raw material energy prices and the decline in the level of factory management, resulting in high product costs. Due to the low quality of products and high prices, they lack the ability to compete in the market. Many factories have high debt ratios, enterprises suffer losses, and their economic results are not good. At the same time, we also see that the entire papermaking industry has gradually slowed down from high-speed growth in the past two years. Many of these problems can not be ignored. The difficulties faced by China's papermaking industry: (1) Paper consumption demand and supply are getting increasingly unbalanced.
The market demand for paper is huge and there is insufficient supply. According to the predictions made by the relevant departments on market demand, the total consumption of paper and paperboard in China was 3.6-38 million tons in 2000. It will be 50 million tons by 2005, and it will reach 80 million tons by 2015. Considering comprehensively the basic conditions for the development of China's paper industry, recently the industry's competent authority has initially formulated the total output indicators in the "Tenth Five-Year" plan for papermaking development and the next 15 years: 38 million to 40 million tons in 2005, and 6,000 in 2015. 65 million tons. From the actual situation in recent years, the lack of imports from foreign countries to supplement. In this way, the amount of imports from abroad will increase substantially each year. According to statistics, in 1999, China imported more than 12 million tons of paper, pulp, paper products, and waste paper, including 6.52 million tons of paper and board, and 3.09 million tons of pulp, which consumed 5.6 billion US dollars in foreign exchange. China's paper industry is the largest importer of our light industry. According to the above data, by 2005, there will be 10 to 12 million tons of paper and paperboard, and by 2015 there will be a gap of 1,500 to 20 million tons, and the gap between supply and demand will increase. (2) Accelerating the development of the paper industry requires huge construction funds. Paper industry capital-intensive industries. To accelerate the development of the paper industry in our country, we must increase our production capacity. The enterprises must also carry out technological transformation, and companies must also remediate pollution. This requires capital and the amount of investment is large. Currently, there are no more than 1 billion or even several tens of billions of new construction, expansion, and technological transformation projects with a certain scale. According to the calculation of related departments, from the future to 2015, China’s paper and paperboard plans to increase its production capacity by 43 million tons and increase its pulp production capacity by 4.3 million tons. Among them, by the year 2005, it plans to add 14 million tons of paper and board production capacity, 1.5 million tons of new products pulp, and an estimated investment of 160 billion yuan. From 2005 to 2015, the proposed paper and paperboard will have an added production capacity of 29 million tons, a new product pulp capacity of 2.8 million tons, and an estimated investment of 330 billion yuan. That is, a total investment of 490 billion yuan will be required by 2015. The average annual investment is about 32-33 billion yuan. However, the average annual investment in papermaking industry in our country is only about 10 billion yuan. Solving such a huge amount of funds will be a major issue facing China's paper industry. (C) There is a big gap between China's paper industry and foreign countries.
Nowadays, the modern paper industry in the world is facing the global competition in the market and the requirements for the ecological environment protection. It uses wood (low-cost wood and waste paper) as the main raw material for papermaking, and the scale of production and major equipments have grown towards large-scale development with advanced technology. Accelerating scientific and technological progress, in order to improve product quality, increase product variety, reduce consumption, reduce pollution, and achieve modern, high-speed, high-tech, high-level automated papermaking industry. The paper industry has always played an important role in the global industry. Economically developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Canada, and Scandinavia all use the papermaking industry as a national pillar industry and have developed papermaking industries. The most important one for the successful development of the world paper industry is to use wood pulp as the main raw material, vigorously develop fast-growing and high-yield forests, establish large-scale forestry bases for papermaking materials, and realize forestry-paper integration. Nearly pollution-free clean production in the pulp and paper production process. In the past decades, the paper industry in China has adopted a grassy fiber as the main raw material and a small paper mill as the main development path, which has brought a series of problems and serious consequences. It is worthwhile to seriously sum up the experiences, lessons, and reflections. (D) China's paper industry needs to meet the "WTO entry" challenge.
Our country will soon officially join the WTO. There are advantages and disadvantages to the overall economic construction of the country. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. For China's paper industry, there are also advantages and disadvantages. According to relevant regulations of the WTO, China's import tariffs will be further reduced after China's accession to the WTO. The state will further relax restrictions on the introduction of foreign capital, which will have a greater impact on China's papermaking industry.
After China's accession to the WTO, China's import tariffs will be reduced again, which will affect all papermaking companies in the country. According to the revised customs tariff rate data for 1998, the average tariff of paper products in China is around 20%, with a maximum of 45% and a minimum of 10%. However, at present, the average tariff level of paper in most countries in the world is around 5-6%. Due to the reduction of import tariffs, the price of imported paper in the domestic market will be lowered. This will increase pressure on all domestic companies. However, due to the different circumstances of different companies and products, the impact is not the same. The quality of some old enterprises cannot catch up with imported products. The high cost and lack of competitiveness in prices will increase the pressure. It has been estimated that after China's accession to the WTO, the number of laid-off workers in papermaking enterprises in China will reach 60% and the number of laid-off workers will be around 700,000. This has to give us greater attention.
Due to the huge potential of the domestic paper consumer market, after the WTO accession, the country will further provide preferential policies for the introduction of foreign capital, relax restrictions, and will certainly attract more foreign investors to set up factories in China. In recent years, many international paper companies have successively built a large number of large-scale paper mills with advanced equipment in the world, with a large scale of production. They have brought advanced technology and management, and have produced high-quality, high-grade products, replacing imports. It also met the domestic market demand and greatly promoted the modernization process of China's paper industry. Because of the construction of these enterprises, it also increased state taxation, solved employment opportunities, and led to the development of many related industries. In order to speed up the development of China's modern paper industry, we are in urgent need of a large amount of funds and technology. It is indeed a good opportunity to attract more international capital and advanced technology to China. Of course, this will also have some negative impact on some existing domestic companies. China's papermaking industry will choose the future of China's paper industry. At an important stage in China's economic development, the general trend of economic globalization and China’s imminent “accession to the WTO†new situation, in order to make China's paper industry continue, healthy and rapid development, I think we should seize the opportunity to combine national conditions, serious To study the papermaking industry in China in the future to accelerate the development of the road, I put forward several opinions and views for everyone to discuss.
(1) The paper industry is an industry that has a very close relationship with resources and the environment. Protecting and improving the environment is a basic national policy in China. For a long time, the wastewater from the production of papermaking industry in China has caused serious damage to the environment. The degree of environmental pollution has caused a very bad impression in society. This is related to historical conditions and objective reasons. It is limited to our country. With few forest resources, our company is small in size, and there is still a certain degree of difficulty in the treatment of pollution with straw pulping wastewater. However, our main concern is that our awareness of environmental protection is not strong, and we subject ourselves to heavy production and light governance. Therefore, I think that our company and scientific research organizations have made great efforts to organize technological research and conscientiously solve the problem of grass pulp wastewater pollution control. This is an urgent task at present. The administrative agencies at all levels in the country must vigorously guide and strengthen supervision and enforcement. In the long run, in order to develop China’s modern papermaking industry, I believe that it is still necessary to change the use of wood as the main raw material. This is also because the world’s papermaking developed countries have a relatively mature technology in the treatment of wood pulp and paper, and pollution problems have been better. solve. However, our country lacks forest resources and wood
With the rapid development of China’s economy, the demand for paper consumption in the domestic market has become increasingly strong. From the 90th to the present, the total consumption of paper and paperboard is increasing at a rate of 12% each year. Currently, it is approximately 3,400 to 35 million tons. Ranked second in the world (second only to the United States). From 1996 onwards, the total domestic paper consumption was higher than the total production. However, from the perspective of the national per capita paper consumption, only 26 kilograms have been used so far, which is only half of the world’s per capita consumption level, and far less than the per capita average of developed countries. - The level of consumption of 300 kg. Therefore, China's paper product market has great potential, and China's paper industry has broad prospects for development. In the current state of a general excess of domestic commodity markets, China's paper industry is a sector where the growth in consumption is greater than the increase in production. The huge and clearly analyzed market space shows that China's papermaking industry is a promising "sunrise industry" in the 21st century.
Although we have made great achievements, the total paper production and total consumption have ranked in the forefront of the world, but we should be soberly aware that there are still many contradictions and problems in China's paper industry. Compared with the developed countries of papermaking, there are considerable gaps. Although we are already a “papermaking powerhouse†in the world, we are far from being a “papermaking powerhouseâ€. Since the mid-1990s, the relationship between supply and demand in the domestic paper industry has changed significantly. On the one hand, there is a shortage of high-grade products based on wood pulp, and on the other hand, there are generally lower-grade papers produced by many domestic companies, which are relatively surplus in the market and have a backlog of unsalable sales. This is mainly due to the fact that the high-speed growth of China's paper industry over the years is an extensive mode of growth. Before the 1990s, the domestic paper market was always plagued by shortages. To eliminate shortfalls and increase supply, the development goal was to focus on expanding quantity and expanding production capacity. In the circumstances, this was also the need of the situation and had its objective. Necessity. However, it should also be acknowledged that under the special historical conditions of the past, the objective factors of the lack of national timber resources and the lack of construction funds, coupled with our subjective understanding and practical work practices, have also caused many problems, making the papermaking industry of our country in half. In the course of the development of a century, a unique road that uses grass fiber as the main raw material and a small paper mill as the main body has taken off, leaving a lot of hidden dangers. After the country's transition from a planned economy system to a market economy system, in the face of the new situation of reform and opening up, the formation of the domestic buyer's market, the fierce competition in commodities, and the internationalization of the domestic market, the structural problems and drawbacks of China's paper industry are seriously exposed. come out. The imbalance in output imbalances has become more prominent. The raw material structure is irrational, the proportion of wood pulp is small, and the ratio of non-wood fiber is significant. The production capacity of high-end products is small, and the quality of existing products is low. There are many companies and they are small in size. Most companies have relatively low level of equipment, relatively backward technology, large material consumption, low labor productivity, and serious pollution to the environment caused by production waste water, and there is a big gap with foreign countries. In addition, these years are affected by the increase of raw material energy prices and the decline in the level of factory management, resulting in high product costs. Due to the low quality of products and high prices, they lack the ability to compete in the market. Many factories have high debt ratios, enterprises suffer losses, and their economic results are not good. At the same time, we also see that the entire papermaking industry has gradually slowed down from high-speed growth in the past two years. Many of these problems can not be ignored. The difficulties faced by China's papermaking industry: (1) Paper consumption demand and supply are getting increasingly unbalanced.
The market demand for paper is huge and there is insufficient supply. According to the predictions made by the relevant departments on market demand, the total consumption of paper and paperboard in China was 3.6-38 million tons in 2000. It will be 50 million tons by 2005, and it will reach 80 million tons by 2015. Considering comprehensively the basic conditions for the development of China's paper industry, recently the industry's competent authority has initially formulated the total output indicators in the "Tenth Five-Year" plan for papermaking development and the next 15 years: 38 million to 40 million tons in 2005, and 6,000 in 2015. 65 million tons. From the actual situation in recent years, the lack of imports from foreign countries to supplement. In this way, the amount of imports from abroad will increase substantially each year. According to statistics, in 1999, China imported more than 12 million tons of paper, pulp, paper products, and waste paper, including 6.52 million tons of paper and board, and 3.09 million tons of pulp, which consumed 5.6 billion US dollars in foreign exchange. China's paper industry is the largest importer of our light industry. According to the above data, by 2005, there will be 10 to 12 million tons of paper and paperboard, and by 2015 there will be a gap of 1,500 to 20 million tons, and the gap between supply and demand will increase. (2) Accelerating the development of the paper industry requires huge construction funds. Paper industry capital-intensive industries. To accelerate the development of the paper industry in our country, we must increase our production capacity. The enterprises must also carry out technological transformation, and companies must also remediate pollution. This requires capital and the amount of investment is large. Currently, there are no more than 1 billion or even several tens of billions of new construction, expansion, and technological transformation projects with a certain scale. According to the calculation of related departments, from the future to 2015, China’s paper and paperboard plans to increase its production capacity by 43 million tons and increase its pulp production capacity by 4.3 million tons. Among them, by the year 2005, it plans to add 14 million tons of paper and board production capacity, 1.5 million tons of new products pulp, and an estimated investment of 160 billion yuan. From 2005 to 2015, the proposed paper and paperboard will have an added production capacity of 29 million tons, a new product pulp capacity of 2.8 million tons, and an estimated investment of 330 billion yuan. That is, a total investment of 490 billion yuan will be required by 2015. The average annual investment is about 32-33 billion yuan. However, the average annual investment in papermaking industry in our country is only about 10 billion yuan. Solving such a huge amount of funds will be a major issue facing China's paper industry. (C) There is a big gap between China's paper industry and foreign countries.
Nowadays, the modern paper industry in the world is facing the global competition in the market and the requirements for the ecological environment protection. It uses wood (low-cost wood and waste paper) as the main raw material for papermaking, and the scale of production and major equipments have grown towards large-scale development with advanced technology. Accelerating scientific and technological progress, in order to improve product quality, increase product variety, reduce consumption, reduce pollution, and achieve modern, high-speed, high-tech, high-level automated papermaking industry. The paper industry has always played an important role in the global industry. Economically developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Canada, and Scandinavia all use the papermaking industry as a national pillar industry and have developed papermaking industries. The most important one for the successful development of the world paper industry is to use wood pulp as the main raw material, vigorously develop fast-growing and high-yield forests, establish large-scale forestry bases for papermaking materials, and realize forestry-paper integration. Nearly pollution-free clean production in the pulp and paper production process. In the past decades, the paper industry in China has adopted a grassy fiber as the main raw material and a small paper mill as the main development path, which has brought a series of problems and serious consequences. It is worthwhile to seriously sum up the experiences, lessons, and reflections. (D) China's paper industry needs to meet the "WTO entry" challenge.
Our country will soon officially join the WTO. There are advantages and disadvantages to the overall economic construction of the country. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. For China's paper industry, there are also advantages and disadvantages. According to relevant regulations of the WTO, China's import tariffs will be further reduced after China's accession to the WTO. The state will further relax restrictions on the introduction of foreign capital, which will have a greater impact on China's papermaking industry.
After China's accession to the WTO, China's import tariffs will be reduced again, which will affect all papermaking companies in the country. According to the revised customs tariff rate data for 1998, the average tariff of paper products in China is around 20%, with a maximum of 45% and a minimum of 10%. However, at present, the average tariff level of paper in most countries in the world is around 5-6%. Due to the reduction of import tariffs, the price of imported paper in the domestic market will be lowered. This will increase pressure on all domestic companies. However, due to the different circumstances of different companies and products, the impact is not the same. The quality of some old enterprises cannot catch up with imported products. The high cost and lack of competitiveness in prices will increase the pressure. It has been estimated that after China's accession to the WTO, the number of laid-off workers in papermaking enterprises in China will reach 60% and the number of laid-off workers will be around 700,000. This has to give us greater attention.
Due to the huge potential of the domestic paper consumer market, after the WTO accession, the country will further provide preferential policies for the introduction of foreign capital, relax restrictions, and will certainly attract more foreign investors to set up factories in China. In recent years, many international paper companies have successively built a large number of large-scale paper mills with advanced equipment in the world, with a large scale of production. They have brought advanced technology and management, and have produced high-quality, high-grade products, replacing imports. It also met the domestic market demand and greatly promoted the modernization process of China's paper industry. Because of the construction of these enterprises, it also increased state taxation, solved employment opportunities, and led to the development of many related industries. In order to speed up the development of China's modern paper industry, we are in urgent need of a large amount of funds and technology. It is indeed a good opportunity to attract more international capital and advanced technology to China. Of course, this will also have some negative impact on some existing domestic companies. China's papermaking industry will choose the future of China's paper industry. At an important stage in China's economic development, the general trend of economic globalization and China’s imminent “accession to the WTO†new situation, in order to make China's paper industry continue, healthy and rapid development, I think we should seize the opportunity to combine national conditions, serious To study the papermaking industry in China in the future to accelerate the development of the road, I put forward several opinions and views for everyone to discuss.
(1) The paper industry is an industry that has a very close relationship with resources and the environment. Protecting and improving the environment is a basic national policy in China. For a long time, the wastewater from the production of papermaking industry in China has caused serious damage to the environment. The degree of environmental pollution has caused a very bad impression in society. This is related to historical conditions and objective reasons. It is limited to our country. With few forest resources, our company is small in size, and there is still a certain degree of difficulty in the treatment of pollution with straw pulping wastewater. However, our main concern is that our awareness of environmental protection is not strong, and we subject ourselves to heavy production and light governance. Therefore, I think that our company and scientific research organizations have made great efforts to organize technological research and conscientiously solve the problem of grass pulp wastewater pollution control. This is an urgent task at present. The administrative agencies at all levels in the country must vigorously guide and strengthen supervision and enforcement. In the long run, in order to develop China’s modern papermaking industry, I believe that it is still necessary to change the use of wood as the main raw material. This is also because the world’s papermaking developed countries have a relatively mature technology in the treatment of wood pulp and paper, and pollution problems have been better. solve. However, our country lacks forest resources and wood
Kitchen Magic Corner,Kitchen Cabinet Magic Corner,Cabinet Blind Corner,Kitchen Magic Corner Basket
ZHONGSHAN GRUWILL HARDWARE CO.,LTD , https://www.zsgruwill.com