Insect protection packaging technology

Food and processed products, dried fruits, medicines, furs, cloth, paper, and wood are susceptible to pests and affect their quality, causing them to lose their sales value or use value. They are avoided during storage and transportation. The product suffers from pests and full protection of the product, and pest control packaging is required at this time. Insect-resisting packaging is mainly used to seal products that are susceptible to pests with packaging containers, and uses insect-proof, insect-killing or insecticide as auxiliary means to achieve the purpose of protecting products from pests. Insect protection is not only achieved by packaging, but also requires purification of the production environment. In particular, attention needs to be paid to the prevention of pests in the packaging materials, packaging containers and packaging operations.
There are many types of insects and their distribution is worldwide. Due to the difference between the living environment and the required nutrients, different pests often appear in certain specific items. Warehouse pests are also called storage pests. They are referred to as warehouse insects. They are one of the major hazards of warehousing commodities. Warehouses not only eat animal and plant products and packaging, but also destroy the organizational structure of commodities and break down commodities. Holes, and dirt excreted in their metabolism will contaminate the commodity. In addition, there are pests that specifically erode and destroy food, and are specialized in pests that eat wood and are specialized in feeding on paper. In general, there are many kinds of pests and they have different habits. Therefore, some insect-proof and insect-friendly products should be packaged to prevent pests. The task of pest control packaging is to destroy the normal living conditions of pests, kill and inhibit their growth and reproduction.
Classification and harm of pests First, the classification and harm of food pests The vast majority of food pests are small and dark, not easy to be found, they can resist high temperatures or cold, and some often hide in wet places, and some He likes to live in a dry environment. There are hundreds of food pests, which have strong fertility and adaptability and are widely distributed. The common food pests are mainly the following types:
1. The body of adult insect insects is clearly divided into head, chest and abdomen. The body structure of different insects varies greatly. There are three types of insects belonging to food pests:
(1) The larvae of beetles are mainly harmful to milk powder, cheese, dried fish, shrimps, grains, beans, medicinal herbs, and household groceries.
(2) Adult moth moths generally do not directly harm food. But its larvae like to eat different parts of different foods, such as the Indian Valley Moth can produce a lot of food on the surface of the food, discharge a large number of feces with odor, so that food is easy to mold, seriously endangering cereals, beans, oil, Dried fruits, dried vegetables, milk powder, candy, preserves, fruits and herbs.
(3) Other insect pests are classified as microscopic pests, and are named because they harm paper books. The main hazards are powdered grain, food processing products, dried fruits, vegetables, herbs, and paper. American scorpions, commonly known as cockroaches, are common pests in food processing plants, food warehouses, and kitchens, and are widely distributed. He can carry diarrhea, typhoid, cholera, and other pathogens and is contaminated with various pathogenic microorganisms, thus seriously threatening human health.
2. Anthraquinones are small and mostly primitive or elliptical and are basically white, endangering food, flour, dried fruit, cheese, sugar, dried potatoes, etc. Another example is rotted cheese, body length of about 0.3 ~ 0.4mm, body odor, will make food with odor, endanger the consumption of fat and protein higher peanuts, dried fish, dried meat, dried fruit, dried vegetables, milk powder, oil, beans, etc. .
Second, the classification of wood pests and harm Harm wood insects are mainly termites and beetles.
1. Termites Termites belong to the order Lepidoptera, which is an insect that hides and lives in groups. According to the ant species, the number of individual colonies can range from hundreds to millions. There are more than two thousand kinds of termites in the world, and there are nearly one hundred species in China, with the most warm and humid areas.
Termites can pulverize wood into powder, and can also cause dead trees to die, making buildings with wooden structures collapse. Wooden structure containers are destroyed by insects and cause major transport accidents. Cloths and bundles of cloth are foraged. The harm is very serious.
2, beetles
The beetles belong to the order of Coleoptera, mainly including longhorned beetles, whiteflies and long beaks. The beetles spawn on the surface of the wood, and the newly hatched larvae intrud into the wood. Therefore, the wood is pulled out of many passages and wormholes, which not only impairs the strength of the wood, but also creates conditions for the invasion of wood rot. From the above we can see that beetles harm wood mainly larval stage.
Third, the types of pests in the warehouse and its harm In front of the Lepidoptera and Coleoptera pests in a sense can also be called warehouse insects. Because no matter whether it is food or wood, it can be stored in a warehouse. In addition, pests that are commonly found in food or grain stores are the following:
1. The body length of corn elephant imago is about 2.5-3.2mm, and the body is dark auburn. Maize elephants have spread all over the world. China has discovered other provinces except Xinjiang. The environmental conditions for growth and reproduction of maize are: temperature 24 to 30°C, relative humidity 90% to 100%, and grain moisture 15% to 20%. It died 4 days after exposure at 15°C and died 1h after exposure at 50°C. Adult corn insects damage cereals, peanuts, dried fruits, biscuits, bread, and certain beans. It can cause food, food, etc. to heat, increase water, and breed mold. The corn larvae only feed on cereal grains and can make the raw grains into crumbs or crumbs. The harm is astounding. For example, raw rations can lose 11.25% within three months, and 35.12% can be lost in half a year.
2. The rice elephant and the corn elephant are very similar in appearance. Rice elephants can develop from 4 to 5 generations per year. Their cold tolerance is weaker than that of corn. They die when exposed at 15°C for 1 to 2 days. They die when exposed to 50°C for 1 to 2 days. They parasitize rice, wheat and peanuts. , corn and plant herbs.
3, grain glutinous grain moisture content of 14%, when the temperature is 18 ~ 39 °C; until the grain moisture content of 8% to 10%, the temperature reached 35 ~ 40 °C can still be normal development, but at 0 ~ 6 °C Can only survive 7 weeks. About 40 to 90 days from the egg to the adult, the life expectancy is one year. The pupa is a family of long-headed oysters. It is found throughout the world and is found in most provinces and regions of China. It endangers rice, rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, beans, flour, medicinal herbs, dried fruits, and books.
4. Pilots of Pilotolae only develop 1 or 2 generations per year in cold regions, but generally 4 to 5 generations, and the suitable development temperature is 28 to 30°C. When the temperature exceeds 45°C, it will die within 20 days, or 2 to 3°C. Died in January. It spreads all over the world. China has found all over Tibet, and it has jeopardized flour, rice sugar, dried fruits, beans, leather, raw herbs, tobacco, grains, oilseeds, dried fish, dried meat, and insect specimens; The glands secrete odor contaminated food and food.
5. Rice moths develop about 2 to 3 generations per year and complete at about 20 to 21 °C for about 42 days. After larvae pass winter, they can become adults in early June, but their life span is only 1 to 2 weeks. The larvae grow in broken rice and spine turns the broken rice into long pods. The moth is widespread throughout the world, and the country's rice-producing regions are more common. The main hazard is rice, followed by cocoa, chocolate, biscuits, dried powder, flour, and nuts.