For a long time, the construction of nuclear gamma laser has been a problem. According to a report by the American Physicists Organization Network on May 2, the Moscow University nuclear physics experts recently proposed a new scheme and theoretically proved that the gamma radiation generated by the thorium nuclear nucleus can also emit coherent "visible" light. Related research was published in the recently published "Physical Review Letters".
Although nuclear gamma-ray lasers are also based on stimulated radiation, they operate very differently from ordinary lasers. In ordinary materials, the number of atoms at a low energy level is greater than the number of particles at a high energy level. In order to obtain laser light, the number of particles at a high energy level must be greater than the number of atoms at a low energy level. In ordinary lasers, the number of particles inverts so that there are more high-energy state electrons than low-energy state electrons. The photons of ordinary lasers are emitted by atoms or ions, while the photons of gamma-ray lasers are emitted by nuclei, also known as nuclear light.
The generation of nuclear light must overcome at least two basic problems: one is to accumulate a certain amount of homogeneous heterogeneous nuclei (nuclei that can maintain an excited state for a long time), and the other is to narrow the emission limit of gamma rays. Eugene Takalia of the School of Nuclear Physics at Moscow University explained that they used the unique nuclear structure of thorium to meet these requirements. It is the thorium nucleus that directly reacts with the photons of the external laser, not its electrons.
The team used a lithium-calcium-aluminum-fluoride (LiCaAlF6) mixture and replaced some of the calcium with thorium. When a sufficient number of homogeneous heterogeneous thorium nuclei are excited by an external laser, the nuclei react with the surrounding electromagnetic field, generating a particle number reversal, making the entire system more excited nuclei than non-excited nuclei. Then, the nucleus can emit or absorb photons without recoil, and can emit light without losing energy.
Takalia said that the nuclear gamma-ray laser in this study can only emit "visible" vacuum ultraviolet light or gamma rays in the visual range. One of its applications is that it can be used as a measure of nuclear frequency, that is, "nuclear clock". In addition, the device can be used to test many basic properties of nature, such as the law of decay index and the effect of changes in fine structure constants.
Kitchen Gadget-We have stainless steel straw\silicone cover set\brush\spatule\Foldable Lunchbox\egg ring\ kitchen utensil\Pizza Cutter\Silicone Gloves\Dumpling Mold.Whatever you need,we can satisfy you.It help us enjoy the fun of cooking, quality products, interesting design, will make you very satisfied.
Kitchen Gadget
Kitchen Tools,Cooking Gadgets,Unique Kitchen Gadgets,Cool Kitchen Gadgets
YANGJIANG SHENGHAI INDUSTRIAL&TRADING CO., LTD , https://www.shenghaiyj.com