1 Introduction
Anti-counterfeiting ink is one of the most important technical branches of anti-counterfeiting technology, involving many subject areas, such as optics, chemistry, electromagnetics, computer technology, spectroscopy technology, printing technology, etc., belonging to a cross-edge discipline. Among them, chemical anti-counterfeiting materials and technologies are the basic technologies of anti-counterfeiting inks, and occupy a very important position in research and application. Manipulating molecules in the nanometer size range, designing and assembling stable multiple patterns, thus creating new nano-fine chemicals and new nano-materials with excellent functions, has become a frontier field. How to cross-integrate nanoscience and develop the application of nanomaterials in nano-fine chemicals, nano-medicines, nano-foods, nano-composites and new energy has become a research topic for scientists at home and abroad. The nano anti-counterfeiting printing ink developed by combining nanotechnology and anti-counterfeiting technology not only has a good printing effect, but also can further improve the anti-counterfeiting effect and anti-counterfeiting performance.
2. Features of Nano Ink
The so-called nano anti-counterfeiting ink is a special printing ink made by adding nano-anti-counterfeiting materials with special properties to the ink binder and processed by a special process using encryption methods. Such as photochromic, thermochromic and ultraviolet ink, or "nano" of ink anti-counterfeiting, mainly have the following characteristics.
â‘ Light resistance, acid resistance and adhesion are significantly improved. Compatible with nano-inks, with superb performance in all aspects. Since SiO2 and TiO2 show strong anti-ultraviolet light and catalytic performance at the nano-scale, the anti-counterfeit inks synthesized by special chemical reaction process can generally improve the light resistance of 2 to 3 Each grade, heat resistance and adhesion fastness have been significantly improved.
â‘¡Many common inks need to add surfactants in the manufacturing process to reduce the surface tension of the binder, so that the affinity of the entire system increases. The nanoparticles themselves have good surface wettability. They are adsorbed on the surface of the pigment particles in the ink, which improves the lipophilicity and wettability of the ink, and stabilizes the solid and liquid structure of the ink. Therefore, Nano-particle inks can greatly improve their printability.
â‘¢Use the nano-ink with the addition of specific nano-particles to copy and print color prints, the layers will be richer, the tone will be more vivid, and the ability to express image details will also increase greatly.
â‘£If the nanoparticles are used in UV ink, the curing speed can be accelerated, and the shrinkage and wrinkling of the ink film can be eliminated due to the fine and uniform dispersion of the filler.
⑤ The fineness of the ink is an important indicator to measure the quality of the ink. Because the various raw materials in the nano ink are composed of nano-scale particles, the various particles are evenly dispersed and suspended, bringing extremely high ink fineness, which will be able to Save a lot of raw materials and print more refined, beautiful and higher quality images.
â‘¥The high-definition nano ink has another significant advantage, that is, it enhances the printing durability of the printing plate. The printing plate is directly in contact with the ink, and the printing plate is mostly composed of a multilayer metal plate that is not very strong. If the ink particles are thick, under the action of the printing cylinder, the coefficient of friction must also be very large, so it is very easy to wear the printing plate, causing damage to the printing plate. Nano inks with tiny and uniform particles will not or will reduce this situation.
3. Research status of nano-ink
Luminous pigment can be used as an additive, evenly distributed in various transparent media, such as ink, paint, plastic, rubber, paper, film, printing paste, ceramic glaze, glass, chemical fiber, leather, etc., to achieve the self-luminous function of the medium , And can show the bright colors of this material. Its outstanding feature is that it has a strong absorption capacity for short-wave visible light with a wavelength below 450 nanometers. After absorbing and storing various visible light (sunlight, fluorescence, ultraviolet light, light, etc.), it emits light in the dark for more than 12 to 24 hours, and its luminous intensity And the maintenance time is more than 30 times that of traditional fluorescent materials, and the material itself is non-toxic, harmless, does not contain any radioactive elements, and its stability and weather resistance are excellent. And can be used indefinitely. Optical materials are nano-composite materials that are compatible at the molecular level and have a size smaller than the optical wavelength, so the nano-composite materials are relatively pure and the polymer has good transparency. Materials made by the sol-gel method are generally highly transparent. If Fe2O3 and V2O5 are selected as inorganic components or WO2 lamellae, superconducting, photochromic, and electrochromic materials will be obtained.
For example, in view of the poor light resistance of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting inks and the fact that the anti-counterfeiting mechanism has been deciphered and the anti-counterfeiting function has been lost, Guangzhou University has successfully studied near-infrared absorption nano anti-counterfeiting inks. The performance of its small test samples is reliable, safe, stable and resistant Aging and other aspects have reached a satisfactory level. At present, the product has been used in high-tech fields such as outer packaging, ticket security and infrared sensors.
In addition, the anti-counterfeiting research group of Peking University has successfully developed infrared anti-counterfeiting luminescent materials, infrared anti-counterfeiting inks, especially infrared anti-counterfeiting laser discriminators, which has effectively supported the rapid development of infrared anti-counterfeiting technology. Infrared luminescent materials belong to inorganic rare earth luminescent materials. Under infrared irradiation, they emit dazzling bright green and red colors of visible light. The main working stage of the infrared materials is between 780nm and 1200nm. The advantages of this type of luminescent material are: under normal sunlight, it has an extremely white appearance, and it is easy to refine particles. It is a special raw material for making anti-counterfeiting products. The intelligent anti-counterfeiting discriminator is a high-tech product using a combination of a new spectrum analysis technology and computer technology. Its excellent anti-counterfeiting performance and ease of use can meet the needs of the highest level of anti-counterfeiting, ranking the international leading level.
Recently, the nano-grade transparent iron oxide pigments, which have been rated as national key new products by the Ministry of Science and Technology, have been successfully developed. Nano metal particles can absorb all light waves and make them black, while also scattering light. Adding nano metal particles to black ink can improve the purity and density of black ink. In addition, after the surface of the semiconductor nanoparticles is chemically modified, the medium around the particles can strongly affect their optical characteristics, which are shown as red-shifted or blue-shifted absorption spectra. If they are added to yellow and cyan inks to make nano inks, the purity of yellow ink and cyan ink can be increased, and the level of printed matter can be more abundant.
Nano-scale carbon ink is conductive, has a good shielding effect on static electricity, and prevents telecommunications signals from being interfered by external static electricity. If it is added to ink, it can be made into conductive ink, which is used for large-capacity integrated circuits and modern contact panel switches. Wait. In addition, if the Ag is made into nano-scale instead of micro-scale Ag in conductive ink, 50% of Ag powder can be saved. This conductive ink can be printed directly on ceramics and metals. The ink layer is even and smooth, and the performance is very good. If Cu and Ni are made into 0.1-1um ultrafine particles, it can replace precious metals such as palladium and silver to conduct electricity.
4 Conclusion
Now, although nano inks have made great progress and the advantages of nano inks are obvious to everyone, nano inks are not very popular. Nano inks are currently still in the pilot stage in China, and there is still a distance to be widely used in the ink manufacturing and printing industries. With the development of nanotechnology, nano-ink will open up a vast new world for the ink manufacturing industry and bring a new revolution to the world's ink and printing technology.
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