It is reported that saving energy, improving the quality of melting, and extending the service life of kiln are the constant targets explored by the foreign glass packaging industry. The oxy-fuel combustion technology that is being promoted in foreign glass packaging industry is the second revolution after the regenerative glass bottle furnace, which can achieve significant effects of low investment, low energy consumption, low NOx and powder emissions. Another way to save energy is to increase the amount of broken glass bottles. The amount of broken glass bottles imported abroad reaches 60%-70%. The ideal is to use 100% broken glass bottles to achieve the goal of "ecological" glass bottles production.
In developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan, lightweight bottles are the leading products for glass bottles and bottles. 80% of glass bottles and bottles produced by Obe-dand, Germany, are lightweight disposable bottles. Precise control of raw material composition, precise control of the entire process of melting, NNPB, spraying of hot and cold ends of bottles and cans, on-line detection and other advanced technologies are fundamental guarantees for realizing the lightweight of bottles and cans. Some countries are developing new surface enhancement technology for bottle cans in an attempt to further reduce bottle weight. The company's Sea Leaf Company applied a thin layer of primary resin to the surface of the bottle wall to produce a one-liter concentrated juice bottle of only 295 grams, which can prevent glass bottle bottles from being scratched, thereby increasing the pressure strength of the bottle by 20%. The popular plastic film sleeve labels are also beneficial to the lightweighting of glass bottles and cans.
How to increase the molding speed of glass bottles is the key to improving the labor productivity of glass bottle manufacturing. At present, the commonly adopted method in developed countries is to use a multi-group, multi-drop molding machine. The speed of 12 sets of double drip-flow bottle-making machines produced abroad can exceed 240 pcs/min, which is more than 4 times higher than that of single drip forming machines commonly used in China. In order to ensure high-speed quality and high molding pass rate, electronic timers are used to replace the traditional cam drums. The main movements adopt molding parameters. The servo drive can be optimized to replace the mechanical transmission that cannot be arbitrarily adjusted. The cold end online inspection system automatically rejects waste products. The entire production process is controlled by the computer in real time, which can ensure the best molding conditions, ensure high-quality products, run more stable and reliable, and have extremely low reject rate. Large kilns that match high-speed molding machines must have a lot of capacity to stably supply high-quality glass bottles. The temperature and viscosity of the gobs must meet the requirements of the best molding conditions.
In order to adapt to the severe competition situation caused by the challenge of other new packaging products in the glass bottle packaging industry, a large number of glass bottle packaging manufacturers started mergers and reorganizations to increase the concentration of the glass bottle container industry in order to optimize resource allocation, increase economies of scale, and reduce the Order competition, enhance development capabilities, which has become the current trend of the world glass packaging industry.
Outdoor bench refers to the seating facilities used in outdoor places, often commonly found in parks, squares, leisure areas, scenic spots and other outdoor environments. The classification of outdoor benches can be introduced according to many aspects such as material, shape and function.
First, classification by material
1. Wooden bench: Wooden bench is one of the most common outdoor benches, usually made of natural wood, with natural and environmentally friendly characteristics. Wooden benches are usually made of solid wood or artificial wood, and the surface is treated with waterproof and anti-corrosion, which can adapt to various climatic conditions in the outdoor environment.
2. Metal bench: Metal bench is made of metal materials, such as cast iron, steel, etc. The metal bench is durable, corrosion resistant, easy to clean and is suitable for all kinds of outdoor environments.
3. Stone bench: Stone bench is made of marble, granite and other stone, which has the characteristics of good texture and beautiful appearance. Stone benches are generally suitable for high-end places such as garden scenic spots and can be integrated with the surrounding environment.
5. Combined material bench: Combined material bench refers to the bench made of different materials, such as the combination of wood and metal, stone and plastic combination. Combined material bench can usually combine the advantages of different materials, more in line with the needs of different outdoor environments.
2. Classification by shape
1. Linear bench: Linear bench is the most common shape of bench, generally composed of a row of seats, forming a straight line arrangement. The linear bench is suitable for outdoor places with large pedestrian flow and can provide more seats.
2. Arc bench: Arc bench is an arc bench composed of multiple seats, usually used in a ring seat area or landscape area. The curved bench can not only provide comfortable seating, but also increase the aesthetics of the place.
3. Wavy bench: The wavy bench is a bench composed of multiple seats in the shape of undulating waves, giving people a sense of movement and flow. The wavy bench is suitable for parks, squares and other places that need to increase vitality and fun.
4. Round bench: A round bench is a round bench composed of a number of seats, which is usually used in outdoor recreation areas and can provide a place for groups to gather.
3. Classification by function
1. Leisure bench: Leisure bench is a common form of outdoor bench, it can provide comfortable seats, so that people can relax in the outdoor environment.
2. Viewing bench: Viewing bench is usually set in a scenic outdoor environment, providing comfortable seats for people to enjoy the scenery.
3. Sitting bench: Sitting bench is usually set in parks, squares and other places with large traffic, to provide people with a short rest and relaxation.
4. Cool pavilion bench: Pavilion bench refers to a form of combination of bench and pavilion, which can provide sunshade, rain prevention and other functions, suitable for outdoor leisure areas.
In short, the classification of outdoor benches can be divided from many aspects such as material, shape and function. Different outdoor environments and needs need to choose a suitable bench type to provide comfortable and beautiful seating facilities
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