Printing of banknotes, stamps and other securities (8)

2. Banknote Printing in the Control Zone of the Communist Party of China

During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Japanese imperialists also carried out large-scale looting of China’s wealth while carrying out large-scale military aggression against China. Issuing counterfeit banknotes is an important means for China to engage in predatory economic aggression. At the same time, the Chinese people’s War of Resistance Against Japan was in full swing. The brave Chinese people bravely fought against China and used their own banks to issue their own banknotes. They vigorously supported the anti-aggression, anti-blockade, and anti-revolutionary policies; I have written a brilliant chapter in the history of Chinese printing.

In July 7th, after the incident, to jointly fight against the Japanese aggressors, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party cooperated again. Since then, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, led by the Communist Party of China, have advanced into the rear of the enemy and opened up many battlefields behind the enemy lines. Many large and small bases and guerrilla zones have been established. These base areas are divided into Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Jincha, and Huazhong. All major regions have their own financial institutions and issue their own banknotes. The general situation is:

(1) Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia region. The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region is generally referred to as the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and has two banknote printing plants. One is the lithography department of Yan'an Central Printing Factory, which has its own design and engraving staff and lithographic machines and numbering machines. In 1942, the lithograph department was separated from the central printing plant and an independent printing department of the Ministry of Finance was set up to mainly undertake the printing of banknotes issued in the Shensi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. The other is Guanghua Printing Factory. Since 1938, the Bank of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region successively issued seven kinds of price vouchers, including one-, two-, five-, one-, two-, five-, and seven-points five-point scales in the name of the Yan'an Guanghua Store, as the currency of the legal currency. In 1941, the bank of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbian District officially issued banknotes; the legal currency; was printed by Guanghua Printing Factory. It also withdrew the original coupon issued in the name of Guanghua Store. At that time, Guanghua Printing Factory had banknote design, copper plate engraving, plate making, lithography, cutting, and completion departments, 12 sets of small stone printers, 2 sets of foot lead printers, and more than 270 employees.

The main task is to print banknotes issued by banks in the Shan-Gan-Ningbian Border Region (Photos 17-28).

Color Chart 17-28

(2) Jinci area. Jinci area has two printing houses for printing banknotes. One is Xing County Farmer Bank Printing Factory and the other is Hong Tao Printing Factory. Xing County Farmer Bank Printing Factory had printed three kinds of the first banknotes such as the one-corner, two-corner and one-yuan in November 1937. After 1940, based on the Xing County Peasant Bank, the Northwest Farmers Bank was established and the Northwest Farmers Banknotes were issued and circulated in the Jinci area. To print the Northwest Farmers Banknotes, Hongtao Printing Factory has been set up. As of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Northwestern Peasant Bank printed a total of 17 kinds of cash notes, which effectively supported the War of Resistance Against Japan.

(3) Jinchaji area. In the Jinchaji area, several printing companies are responsible for the printing of banknotes in the base areas, including the Printing Office of the Administrative Division of the Administrative Committee of the Border Region, the Printing Branch of Yuzhong, the Printing Office of the People's Self-Defense Forces Military Adept, and the Printing Department of the Border Bank. Among them, the Printing Department of the Administrative Division of the Border Region Administrative Committee has the largest scale, with two sets of large stone printers, twenty sets of small stone printers, and more than 600 employees; it has formed a production line from plate making to printing, sealing, and completion; printing There are more than fifty kinds of banknotes. Figures 17-29 are the five-dollar vouchers printed by the Jinchaji Border Area Bank in 1945.

Coloring book 17-29

(4) Jinci-Luyu area. Because of the Japanese and Puppet laws against the base areas, sweeping, and division, but also because of the needs of the anti-Japanese struggle at that time, there were actually only two banknote printing institutions in Jinxi and Shandong. One is a number of banknote printing plants directly under the Minnan Bank; the other is a banknote printing plant owned by Luxi Bank. Although both printing agencies print vouchers, they are centered on Minnan Bank.

The Minnan Bank was established in 1939. By 1940, it had owned seven large stone printers, more than 40 small stone printers, and ten Taiwan foot presses, with more than 200 employees. Bear the printing task of the Minnan Bank notes.

The Luxi Bank was founded in 1940. It has set up the first and second printing houses of the Luxi Bank and printed vouchers issued by the Luxi Bank. The bank was incorporated into the Minnan Bank in 1945.

(5) Shandong area. The Shandong region established the Beihai Bank in 1938. In 1939, it began issuing Bank of Beihai banknotes and set up a banknote printing plant. In the fall of 1940. In Shandong, Jiaodong Printing 1 Plant, Jiaodong Printing Plant 2, Shandong Plate Making Plant, Luzhong Banknote Printing Plant, Lunan Banknote Printing Plant, Binhai Banknote Printing Plant, Qinghe Banknote Printing Plant, and Lulubian Banknote Printing Plant have been established. The printing capacity of the banknote printing capacity bears the task of printing the banknotes issued by Beihai Bank. Figures 17-30 are the fifty dollar bills printed by Beihai Bank in 1943 and the one hundred yuan bills printed in 1945.

Coloring book 17-30