Source: China News and Publications, Science and Technology Network, China Printing and Equipment Industry Association Network
On the 40-year timeline, a comprehensive review of China's printing industry's rapid changes and the forty years of the storm, do not have a taste.
On December 18, 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party was held, which opened the prelude to the great journey of China's reform and opening up. After 40 years of hard work and hard work for 40 years, Chinese printers have made strides and hard work, and wrote the magnificent poems of the manufacturing industry in the history of the development of the world printing industry, creating an incredible miracle.
1978: They start here
In 1978, he still dwelled in a 30-square-meter house, relying on the dirty and living of the state-run printing factory, and he came to his own spring. This year, Jielong received a printing business from a German handkerchief company. The order was in a hurry and needed to use new technology. The state-run printing factory in Shanghai refused to take over, and Jielong “self-confident†took the order. Faced with the extremely weak technology, Jielong, the founder of Jielong, has no sorrow. He has taken care of Mao, and sincerely invites the technicians of other factories to come to the factory to help design on the rest day, and the result is the first barrel of gold. Not only successfully completed orders, but also exported more than 200,000 foreign exchanges, and was praised by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and peers, and established its position in the Shanghai printing circle.
In 1978, the 19-year-old Xie Lijian looked at Zhangjiabian Township on the edge of the ocean and was poor and pitiful. From the quarry that dried the sweat beads, he stepped out to Xiaolan, a famous town in Zhongshan, and bought 8000. A small factory equipment that was eliminated and returned to his hometown to start the "Zhangjiabian Printing Factory". At that time, the “three to one supplement†enterprises in the Pearl River Delta blossomed everywhere, and product packaging became a necessity for many enterprises. The more printing business, the more. The success of Xie Lijian has greatly encouraged the local people. The printing factory in Zhangjiabian has sprung up... It took only ten years to work, and Zhangjiabian, which had no decent enterprise, became the first industrial base named by the state in Zhongshan. —— China's packaging and printing industry base. In the past, “Zhangjiabian Printing Factoryâ€, after several capital introductions, has grown into a current 6,000 employees with an output value of 1.5 billion. It is leading the Zhongrong Group, a leading company in the transformation and upgrading of digital printing and intelligence in China.
In 1978, the printing department set up by the Catholic Church in Tin Wan, Aberdeen, moved to the Hong Kong Kenta Caritas Centre to install advanced phototypesetting, photocopying (photolithography), offset printing, binding and other equipment, and named the printing department. Caritas Printing Training Center. In 1979, Dr. Xue Jijie founded Zhongda Printing Group Co., Ltd., which was originally a small company specializing in printing labels. With the expansion of business, Yada Ke Printing Co., Ltd. was established and became one of the 3M authorized label processors.
As a window of China's reform and opening up, the printing industry in 1978 was almost blank. In August 1979, the first "three to one supplement" printing enterprise - Shenzhen Printing Products Factory was established. In October 1982, it was restructured into a Sino-foreign joint venture Shenzhen Jianian Printing Factory. At the same time, Tianming Art, Guangdong A number of foreign-funded printing enterprises such as Haixu Ri and Meiguang have been established.
In 1978, with the approval of the State Council, the printing technology department was reorganized into the Beijing Printing Institute. After more than 50 years of development and construction, the school has initially formed four major disciplines: media technology, media culture, media management, and media art. It has built digital printing, digital publishing, digital media art and digital media technology with the characteristics of the times. The new digital media professional group has 4 key construction disciplines in Beijing, 7 first-level master's degree programs, 2 professional master's degree points, 20 second-level master's degree programs, and 24 undergraduate majors.
Everywhere: China's printing industry is shining brightly
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's printing industry focused on the printing of books and periodicals. However, the unprecedented catastrophe of the "Cultural Revolution" in the past decade has greatly devastated and destroyed the socialist publishing industry, which was created after 17 years of hard work. The Chinese people's reading chain first broke from the source. According to the statistics of "The Publishing Business of Contemporary China", before the "Cultural Revolution", there were 87 publishing houses in the country (excluding the deputy cards), of which 38 were at the central level, 49 were in the local area, and 10,149 were employees (including 4,570 editors). After the "Cultural Revolution" began, after the revocation and merger, in the beginning of 1971, there were only 53 national publishing houses (20 at the central level and 33 at the local level), and 4,694 employees (including 1,355 editors).
During the "Cultural Revolution" period, only the books that were legally published and distributed in the book market were left with Mao Zedong's works, "revolutionary model operas" and "two newspapers and one magazine" editorial booklet. According to "Public Publishing in Contemporary China", from 1966 to 1970, in the books published nationwide, "Mao Zedong" became the key word for monopoly. Mao Zedong's works published a total of 4.206 billion copies in 43 languages. Among them, "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" (Volume 1 - Volume 4) popularized 690 million copies, with a total of 54 million copies, and "Mr. Chairman Mao's Quotations" 1.053 billion copies, "Mao Zedong Selected Works and a variety of single articles, compilation of 2.409 billion copies. Correspondingly, Marx's work has published a total of 8.915 million copies. In contrast, the general books are pitiful, only 2,729 kinds are published, with a total number of 3.452 billion copies printed, and the extreme left is strong. In a sense, they are just a supplement to red politics.
In 1977, when countless dirty hands passed the news of the People’s Daily about the resumption of the college entrance examination, the whole country was boiling. According to the plan, the university only recruited 200,000 students this winter, but the number of applicants was as high as 5.7 million. However, the government did not expect anything between rushes, and the paper that could be used to print the test papers was gone. At that time, China's paper production was not much, and most of them were also printed with "Red Book", or used to write big-character posters and big slogans. At that time, the fifth volume of the Selected Works of Mao Zedong was just published six months ago. This was the first major event in China at that time. All the printing houses in the country are printing horsepower "Red Book", which has already printed 28 million copies, which is not enough. This thorny issue was reported to Zhongnanhai at the first level. As a result, the Party Central Committee made a decision: to transfer the papers printed in the fifth volume of the Selected Works of Mao Zedong, and go all out to print the high examination papers. The news broke out and everyone was amazed: the times are really different!
With the holding of the National Publishing Work Symposium in December 1977, the Chinese publishing and printing industry welcomed the spring. In 1978, in order to alleviate the book shortage that lasted for 10 years and satisfy the readers' strong reading needs, the former National Publishing Bureau made important decisions. Some Beijing and Shanghai major societies concentrated on reprinting 35 Chinese and foreign literary classics since the founding of New China. This batch of re-visiting works has been sought after by readers. It is hard to find a book, and Luoyang is expensive.
Since the end of the 1970s and early 1980s, the total output of printing equipment in China was about 20,000-30,000 tons. The technical level and specifications of the products are far from meeting the development needs of the printing industry, and the book shortage has swept the country, seriously restricting. The spread and development of socialist spiritual civilization. From 1980 to 1990, the state invested a total of 1 billion in technological transformation of the printing and printing equipment industry. The printing of books and magazines achieved the goal of “laser phototypesetting, electronic color separation, offset printing, binding and linkageâ€, and printing efficiency and quality were significantly improved. Printing capacity reached 30.7 million orders.
Today, China's printing industry has advanced by leaps and bounds and has achieved remarkable achievements. The total output value of printing increased from less than 5 billion in 1978 to 1.21 trillion in 2017. The number of printing companies has grown from 12,000 in the early days of reform and opening to the current 100,000. The variety of books: 20,000 in 1978, 512,000 in 2017; 930 in journals in 1978, 10,130 in 2017; 186 in 1978 and 1,884 in 2017.
By the end of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total output value of the printing industry will exceed 1.4 trillion, ranking the top in the world. The fields of digital printing, packaging printing and new printing have maintained rapid development, and the volume of foreign trade in printing has grown steadily.
Going forward: Continue to write about China's new development miracle
Today's printing industry is no longer the kind of mysterious industry that mainly undertakes printing government documents and newspapers and magazines, and the police guard the printing factory. Printing has entered all aspects of people's lives. The printing industry serves a wide range of industries in the national economy and residential life, such as food and beverage, daily chemicals, electronic communications, tobacco, medicine, clothing and other fields. The service sector is extensive, and its development is closely related to the development of its downstream service sector.
In the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's printing industry began to transform and upgrade to "green, digital, and intelligent". Printing companies have worked hard in clean production, environmental protection, green printing, and intelligent development, and have also achieved remarkable results. Achievements.
On October 24, 2018, at the VIP VIP cocktail party held in Lanta in Shanghai, Landa Global CEO Yishai Amir and Mr. Huang Huanran, Chairman of Zhongrong Printing Group Co., Ltd. signed a strategic cooperation agreement, which marked the first Taiwan's nano-digital presses, which can truly replace traditional offset printing, will be put into use in China next year, and it is announced that Zhongrong and Landa have joined hands to kick off the large-scale replacement of the traditional offset printing field, which still accounts for 95% of the total.
In recent years, China has made tremendous progress in green printing. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's green printing has achieved a huge transformation from scratch, from printing to editing and printing, from "end processing" to "source reduction and process control". According to the data, at present, more than half of the printing enterprises in the country have adopted environmental protection and energy conservation measures; the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television has issued four green printing industry standards; 1.2 billion primary and secondary school textbooks and 100 million youth reading materials have achieved green printing; 60% The bills have achieved green printing; 1031 companies have passed green printing certification, 210 companies have passed clean production audits; green printing publications involve 40% of the country's publishing houses.
As a printing country in the world, China's printing level has already become a global leader, and it is also quite popular in printing technology. Since 1998, the technical level of China's printing industry has been greatly improved, and the number of related patent applications has fluctuated, reaching a peak in 2017, reaching 12,417.
The printing industry is a sunrise industry combining economics, technology and culture. As the Chinese economy enters a new era, the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into a contradiction between the people’s growing needs for better life and the development of inadequate imbalances. It also means The people's longing for a better life has put forward new and higher requirements for the development of the printing industry.
On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, China's printing industry has once again stood at a new starting point. In the new round of development of China's economy, it will surely realize its own innovation and transformation, and create a new situation of high-quality development in the new era. .
Editor in charge: Ge Hongyan
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