How to read the weather

The most important thing to play outdoors is the face of God, the fear of snowstorms on the mountain, the fear of rainy days on the hike, and how many accidents are related to the sudden change of weather. However, the weather forecast is so unreliable. How to become a night vision can judge the real master of the weather?

How important is the weather to the outdoors?

For outdoor enthusiasts, the weather is very important.

Every year in outdoor accidents, there are slips, drowning, and temperature loss on the surface. However, a considerable part of these accidents can be traced back to weather conditions. For example, some of the camps encountered flash flood incidents. One of the most important reasons was the lack of predicting the weather. It was believed that it would not rain and put the tent on the river beach. As a result, it caused heavy rain at night.

Therefore, having basic safety risk awareness and mastering basic weather knowledge are extremely important for reducing or avoiding outdoor trip accidents.

Teach you to read various clouds

However, even if you do enough homework, the outdoor environmental microclimate will often change, so we also need to constantly observe the weather conditions, predict and adjust their next move.

When it comes to weather forecasting, observing the properties of the cloud is an important method. In accordance with the shape and height of the cloud, the cloud is divided into four families and ten types, known as the “Ten Cloud Genus”. The appearance of these clouds represent different weather conditions.

Next, let's take a look at what the weather means:

Gaoyun

1. Cirrus: Located at high altitude, separated and scattered with white filaments, narrow strips or flocks, feathers, and clouds.

Cirrus clouds are classified into four types according to their appearance characteristics: wool cloud cloud, dense cloud cloud, hook cloud cloud, and pseudo cloud cloud.

The shape of the cirrus cloud is very much like flying flocks and feathers. It is light and thin, isolated, and when the skies appear in the sky, the weather is clear and stable.

The dense cloud is slightly dense in the middle, and the edges are filamentous. The dense cloud also indicates that the weather is stable. However, if the dense cloud expands into a cloud, it may indicate that the weather is unstable.

Hook cirrus tends to be thin and parallel, with a large head and a curved tail, like a comma in an extended version of the punctuation mark. This cloud is formed due to wind cuts during the falling of high ice crystals. The emergence of a large number of clouds often means changing the sky, so folks say "hook clouds in the sky, rain on the ground."

Pseudo-criticism is actually formed by the collapse of the cumulonimbus cloud. The cloud body is white or dark gray, the middle part is uniform, and the edge is filiform. The increase of it means that the weather changes from unstable to stable.

2. Cirrostratus: Formed by ice particles that look like clouds, these are the only clouds that will produce halos around the sun or moon. If the cloud expands, it means that the weather is fine;

If the cirrostratus cloud shrinks, it means that it will rain; if the sky is covered with cirrus clouds, the sky above the cirrus cloud will darken and gradually form a cirrocumulus cloud, which indicates the arrival of rain and snow.

In Chinese folk slang, “Ascension does not go out at sunset” is related to the cloud.

3, cumulus clouds: appear in high altitude, the performance of the form of small scaly or small balls, often arranged in neat rows, covered with a large area of ​​the sky, its appearance is often a sign of bad weather or even rain, folk slang "It's not rainy but windy" means the weather changes brought about by the large number of such clouds.

Zhongyun

1. High cumulus clouds: The clouds of high cumulus clouds are small and well-defined, with great differences in thickness and shape. The thin clouds are white and can see the sun and the moon. Thick clouds are dark gray. clear. Oval, tile-like, fish scales, or wavy dense clouds. It is often grouped, lined, and wavy, with a viewing angle of 1° to 5°.

The thin cumulus cloud is stable and less variable, which means that it is fine weather, and the “clouds of the sky” in folk idioms refers to such clouds. However, if thick cumulus clouds continue to thicken, it means that the weather will change.

2, high-level clouds: with stripes or fiber structure, cloud uniform layering, gray or gray color, thin clouds, you can see the dim outline of the sun and the moon, looks like a layer of frosted glass, thick High-level clouds can completely cover the sun and moon.

High-level clouds can bring continuous or intermittent rainfall or snowfall. In summer, precipitation often does not reach the ground.

3. Rain clouds: The rain clouds are full of low-heavy precipitation clouds throughout the day. The clouds are very thick and often stretch for dozens of kilometers. They cannot see the sun and the moon. They usually bring about continuous rain and snow, even if they are No snow, the bottom contour is also more disorderly, there is no obvious outline.

Low cloud

1. Stratocumulus clouds: Clouds are loose clouds or strips of clouds, sometimes covered with all day, sometimes loosely distributed, usually white and gray, often with relatively dark parts. Thin stratus clouds mostly occur under stable weather conditions, but if they are thinned, most of the weather will change, but low and thick tier clouds will produce rainfall and there will not be large rainfall.

2. Stratus clouds: Stratus clouds are low, gray or white, because the ground is low, so like fog, often enveloped in high-rise buildings and mountains. There may be light rain or light snow in the stratus cloud, but no large precipitation will be formed.

Straight cloud family

1. Cumulonimbus: The cumulonimbus is thick and thick, and the cloud is huge like a mountain. It can extend from near the ground up to a height of several kilometers, and is often dark, giving people a feeling of depression. Convection in the cloud is very strong, and its appearance is often accompanied by heavy rain, lightning, hail and other severe weather changes.

The most important thing we need to watch out for when we are outdoors is this kind of cloud. Once we have discovered that cumulus clouds are turning into a cumulonimbus cloud, we must be more careful and increase our vigilance.

2. Cumulus: Cumulus clouds are vertically developed cloud bodies. Clouds are like giant cotton swarms. They usually appear in the morning and are mostly in the afternoon and dissipate in the evening. Under normal circumstances, they will not produce rainfall, but they may develop into plots. Rain clouds, it will produce dramatic weather changes.

The above-mentioned various cloud bodies may sometimes be difficult to distinguish. It is necessary for everyone to continue to learn and discern in actual activities, and they may also purchase corresponding books for learning (such as Tanaka Tatsuya's "Cloud Map Book").

Among these clouds, there are several types of clouds that will bring rain and snow, but the most important thing that everyone needs to pay attention to is the development and change of cumulonimbus clouds. When cumulonimbus clouds become strong, they must be extra careful to prevent rain and prevent floods. Prepare for lightning strikes and other preparations.

Weather proverb

As mentioned earlier, there are some folk proverbs about the weather. We can also find out some of them and combine the changes in the nature given by the nature to predict the weather (the following are typical examples of meteorological proverbs from the degree of motherland):

1. The sunset clouds rose, and the sound of rain in the middle of the night—the place where the sun sets, and the dark clouds took them. This dark cloud is actually a kind of low cloud with a dark color, indicating that the rain in the west or southwest and southeast is moving rapidly. As we develop upwards, the humid air comes from the south, and in the future the low pressure will move to the station and the sky will be raining.

2. Look early in the southeast and look northwest in the evening. The air in the atmosphere also moves from west to east with the earth. Looking up in the morning in the morning, if the weather in the east is good, it means that the bad weather will pass and the weather will be fine in the future. If the weather in the east is bad, it is likely that the weather in the south will develop to the north and the weather will gradually deteriorate.

Looking at the northwest at night, if the black cloud is rolling, it means that the precipitation process will move into the future and the weather will deteriorate. If the northwest is sunny, the weather will improve in the future. This is similar to the fact that “Asaka does not go out in the evening and travels a thousand miles”.

3, there is a rain-cloud mountain wearing a hat without rain clouds - cloud cover the top of the mountain, called "mountain wear hat." The clouds blocked the mountainside. When the rainy weather comes, the clouds are relatively low and the clouds cover the top of the mountain. The thicker the cloud, the lower the cloud cover, indicating that the more water vapor in the air, the easier it is to form a rainy day.

However, if the mountain is capped, the clouds will not thicken; or if the cloud rises after the rain, the “mountain hat” will not be a sign of rain.

Clouds that block the back are generally due to the local clouds generated by night cooling. The clouds are not thick. When the sun rises, the clouds dissipate. Therefore, the cloud will be sunny in the future.

4, Aconitic winds and whiteheads - "black head" and "white head" refers to the color of the cloud top. "Aconitum" is a kind of concentrating cumulus cloud, and "white head" is a kind of cumulonimbus cloud. Both clouds often appear in the summer. The "Aconitum" cloud, flat at the bottom of the cloud, and bulging at the top, is mainly composed of water droplets. Small water droplets in the cloud absorb and scatter part of the sunlight, making the clouds and the tops of the clouds look dark.

The “white head” cloud is raised at the top of the cloud. Due to the strong convection of the air, the vertical development is very rapid, the clouds are getting higher and higher, the cloud top is spreading, and the development is very strong. Soon it occupied most of the sky. The cloud top is an ice crystal structure, so it is white.

Compared with these two types of cloud, the "Aconitum" cloud is not as good as the "Whitehead" cloud, so it is generally not rainy or rainy, and only a gust of wind is blown. Therefore, it is called "Aconitum." However, if the “Aconite” cloud develops vigorously and gradually becomes a “white head” cloud, it will cause more intense thunderstorms, so it is called “white head rain”.

5. The stars are blinking and the rain is not far away. The sky stars are flashing in the summer nights, indicating that the atmospheric disturbance is intense, indicating that there will be wind and rain soon. Where does the star start to flash and where does the wind and rain come from? If the sky is full of flashes, it is possible that wind and rain will come to dawn.