“Nothing small in the fieldâ€, any small problem can lead to a big accident. Especially in the wild encounter unexpected patients or injured, according to different circumstances to take appropriate first aid measures (faster treatment effect is better), and then think of ways to get medical treatment as soon as possible.
The purpose of first aid is to: save lives, reduce mortality; prevent the continued deterioration of the disease; reduce pain, reduce accidental injuries and reduce the disability rate.
The principle of first aid is: In the event of an accident, it should be bold, careful, responsible, and clear.
Emergency and decisive implementation of first-aid methods; first deal with critically ill patients, then deal with patients with less serious conditions, in the same patient, first treat life, and then deal with local; observe the site environment to ensure the safety of themselves and the injured; fully use the site available Manpower and material resources are used to assist first aid.
Observe before processing
Before doing specific treatment, observe the whole body of the patient and grasp the surrounding conditions. Determine the cause of the injury, the location of the pain, or how close it is, or approach the ear to hear the sound of breathing. Pay particular attention to the color of the face, mouth, skin, or confirm the presence or absence of trauma, bleeding, consciousness, and breathing, and carefully observe the fracture, trauma, and vomiting.
Then, we must choose a specific treatment. In particular, in cases of respiratory arrest, coma, massive bleeding, and poisoning, regardless of whether there is an unconscious or not, the discoverer should promptly perform emergency treatment. Otherwise, the patient's life will be endangered. In the observation of changes in symptoms, in case of worsening symptoms, emergency treatment shall be applied according to the emergency method.
The scene should try to organize the rescue work for the injured and the sick, and the rescue personnel should have a division of labor and cooperation. Observe after treatment.
There are many types of traumatic or sudden illnesses that occur during the activity, so it is also necessary to apply various appropriate first aid methods to deal with them. As for the specific treatment of related symptoms, detailed later.
During first aid treatment, the body is moved in the most comfortable way for the patient. If the patient is unconscious, care should be taken to ensure that the airway is clear and to prevent suffocation from vomiting. To ensure smooth breathing, let the patient lie flat. If you have hit the head, you should lie down horizontally. If you have a blue face, you need to raise your foot. If you have a red face, you need to raise your head slightly. If you have vomiting, you need to let it lie on your side or lie down.
After processing
Before the emergency treatment is completed, the patient must be kept warm before he can hand over the patient to the physician to prevent him from consuming his or her physical strength to worsen the symptoms. Then contact physicians, ambulances, and family members of patients.
In principle, the patient must be transported in a quiet manner after adequate treatment. The method of handling depends on the condition of the injury and the surrounding conditions. During transportation, the patient is tired, should have moderate and regular rest, and pay attention to the patient's condition at any time.
The time for on-site rescue is urgent. For the treatment of critically ill persons, firstly, we must abide by the principle of first aid. Second, we must grasp the key points and quickly check the patients according to the following steps.
Judgment consciousness
Pat the patient's shoulder (or face) and call aloud at his ear: "Hey, what's wrong with you!" To test the reaction, the infant pats the heel or licks its Hokug, if it can cry, it is conscious. .
Shouting for help
The patient did not respond to pats or calls, indicating that he was unconscious and immediately screamed for help in his place: "Come on, help! Help!"
Emergency position
The patient's position should be "sit on a hard surface." If the patient is lying prone or lying on his side, if possible, he should be turned to supine position, placed on a hard surface, such as wooden bed, floor or back board, so as to make the heart squeeze effectively. Do not place the patient supine on a soft object, such as a sofa or a spring bed, so as not to directly affect the effect of extrathoracic heart compression. Pay attention to protect the head and neck.
The method of turning over: The rescuer kneels on the shoulder and neck of one side of the patient, straightens his upper extremities in the direction of the head, and then places the lower extremity of the rescuer on the lower leg of the proximal end and crosses his legs. Hold the patient's back of the head and neck with one hand, hold the other patient's arm under the armpit, and turn the head, neck, shoulder, and torso together into a supine position. Finally, restore the two arms. Back to the sides of the body.
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